關于硬質(zhi)合金精密加工的介紹
硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)是(shi)一(yi)種硬度(du)非常高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料，其加工(gong)過程也是(shi)有一(yi)定難度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。近年來(lai)隨著科技的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步和(he)(he)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，很多(duo)工(gong)業領域(yu)對(dui)硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)要求越來(lai)越高(gao)，包括精密公差尺寸和(he)(he)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)要求，以及一(yi)些堅硬難加工(gong)材料制成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜零件(jian)。對(dui)硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)精密加工(gong)提(ti)出了新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰。今天，西迪小編給(gei)大家分享的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)便是(shi)關于(yu)硬質合(he)(he)金(jin)精密加工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關知識。
硬(ying)質合金精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)包括精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)整(zheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)光整(zheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)整(zheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是生產中常用的(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，指的(de)是在精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之后從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)上(shang)切除(chu)很薄的(de)材料(liao)層，以(yi)提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)度和(he)減少表面(mian)的(de)粗(cu)糙度值為目的(de)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，如研(yan)磨、珩磨等。而精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)光整(zheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是指不(bu)切除(chu)或者從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)上(shang)切除(chu)極薄材料(liao)層，以(yi)降低表面(mian)粗(cu)糙度為目的(de)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，比如超精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、拋光等。
硬(ying)質(zhi)合金精(jing)密加工的(de)研磨(mo)是用研磨(mo)工具(ju)和研磨(mo)劑，從工件上研去一層(ceng)極(ji)薄表面層(ceng)的(de)精(jing)加工方(fang)法。
采用(yong)不(bu)同的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工具(ju)，比如研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)芯(xin)棒(bang)、研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套(tao)、研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)等，可對(dui)硬質合(he)金的(de)(de)內圓、外圓和平(ping)面等進行研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。為了(le)磨(mo)(mo)料能嵌入研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套(tao)的(de)(de)內表(biao)面，研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)套(tao)的(de)(de)材料應該軟一些，常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)是鑄鐵。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)時先在工具(ju)表(biao)面涂(tu)上一層均勻(yun)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑，手持研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工具(ju)在軸上來(lai)回移動，直(zhi)至達到(dao)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)要(yao)求為止。
研磨的精密(mi)加(jia)工方(fang)法(fa)具有以下特點：
1、 經過研(yan)磨(mo)后的工件表面，尺寸精度可以達(da)到IT4-IT1級；表面粗糙度值可減小到0.1-0.0006μm。形狀精度可相應提(ti)高。
2、 生(sheng)產(chan)效率比較低，加工余量小。
3、 研磨劑易飛(fei)濺，污染(ran)環境。
在(zai)現代(dai)制造業中，研(yan)磨應用非常廣，許多精密量塊、量規、齒輪、鋼球、噴油嘴、石英晶體(ti)、陶瓷元件等零件均需研(yan)磨。
我們再來看看硬質合(he)金精密加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)另外一種加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式珩磨(mo)。珩磨(mo)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)原理(li)是(shi)利用珩磨(mo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表面施加(jia)一定壓力，珩磨(mo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具同時(shi)作往(wang)復(fu)(fu)振(zhen)動、相對旋(xuan)轉和直線(xian)往(wang)復(fu)(fu)運動，切除工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)上極小的(de)(de)余量的(de)(de)精密加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法。
拋光是利用機械、化學或(huo)電(dian)化學地作用，使工(gong)件獲的(de)光亮、平整表面(mian)的(de)加工(gong)方法。拋光是安排在(zai)工(gong)件精加工(gong)之后進行(xing)，拋光之后的(de)工(gong)件，粗糙度R值可(ke)達0.1-0.012μm，并能明顯(xian)增加光亮度，但是不能保(bao)持原有的(de)精度。
硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)還有(you)很多加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)方式(shi)，如CNC銑削加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、慢走絲線切(qie)割(ge)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、電火花加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、數控車床加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)等等，今天給大家介紹(shao)的(de)(de)還只(zhi)是磨(mo)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)一小部(bu)分，硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)是一門大學問，公司在硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)方面擁有(you)非常雄厚(hou)的(de)(de)實力(li)，配備各類先進加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設備，適用于各類高精(jing)密(mi)、特(te)種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)、偏心(xin)內外(wai)形、彎頭(tou)、復雜幾何(he)零件(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，歡迎前來(lai)咨詢。
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